英文题目：Destress Blasting – From Theory to Practice
中文题目：卸压爆破–从理论到实践
报告人：Hani Mitri教授，加拿大麦吉尔大学矿业工程系主任、矿业工程学科带头人
报告时间：3月17日14:30
报告地点：矿业工程学院A604
Abstract:
One of the most common methods that are practiced today for controlling violent rock failures such as strainbursts and rockbursts in underground mines is destress blasting. One aspect of the method involves drilling and blasting stiff, highly stressed areas in the mine like pillars, fronts, floors and sidewalls, to help dissipate the stress and energy accumulation, thus rendering a safer mining environment. Another aspect of the method relies on large scale blasting of a panel near the active mining area to create a stress shadow and help reduce the stress and energy concentration in the active mining area. While the merits of the destress blasting method are conceptually well appreciated by many mines, its efficient implementation in the field has been hampered by several factors. The diversity of the available information, the scarcity of well-documented destressing programs, as well as the absence of a dedicated design/analysis method are some of the difficulties associated with the practice of destress blasting. This presentation will review the background theory, benefits, constitutive modelling, and practice of destress blasting. Current research on the evaluation of the destress blasting efficiency will be covered, and future research directions will be highlighted.
目前，卸压爆破是应用于地下采矿中控制岩石剧烈失稳现象（例如：应变岩爆、冲击矿压）最广泛的方法之一。该方法的一个方面为：将矿井中高应力集中区域（例如：矿柱、底板）进行钻孔与爆破，以消除应力与能量积聚，从而营造一个安全的开采环境。该方法的另一个方面为：在剧烈开采区域附近施加一个大尺度爆破，创造一个应力卸压区以帮助降低应力和能量集中。尽管卸压爆破方法的价值得到许多矿井的认可，但一些因素阻碍了该方法在现场的高效实施。可用信息的多样性、未经充分论证的卸压方案及专业设计/分析软件的缺失是卸压爆破实施过程中遇到的一些困难。此次报告将对卸压爆破的背景理论、优点、基本模型和现场实施进行回顾，对目前卸压爆破效率评估方面的研究进展进行阐述，并对未来研究方向进行探讨。
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煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室
深部煤炭资源开采教育部重点实验室
矿业工程学院
2017年3月14日
Hani Mitri教授简介
Hani Mitri教授目前担任麦吉尔大学矿业工程学科负责人及学术带头人，长期致力于矿井设计、矿山岩石力学和深井井巷工程、深井岩爆机理与防治等方面的研究研究。在过去十年期间，他在领域期刊和国际会议上发表220余篇论文，近6年他引533次。担任国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）加拿大分会前任主席，现执行委员、国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）教育委员会委员、国际岩石力学学会（ISRM）MIG委员、加拿大隧道学会（TAC）魁北克省主席、加拿大矿业学会（CIM）蒙特利尔地区分会董事。担任Canadian Geotechnical Journal等多个国际学术期刊编委，组织并担任3rd International Symposium in Mine Safety Science and Engineering、2015 CIM Annual Convention、3rd Canadian Conference on Computer Applications in the Minerals Industry等国际会议大会主席。共获得加拿大岩土工程协会John A Franklin奖、加拿大矿业协会CIM Fellowship、教育部高端外国专家奖、杰出外国教师奖等荣誉。
Bio: Prof. Hani Mitri is the Academic Leader and Director of Mining at McGill University. His research interests focus on mine design, rock mechanics, shaft and drifting engineering in deep mine, rock burst mechanism and prevention in deep mine, etc. He has published more than 220 refereed journal and conference papers, which have been cited 533 times by other researchers in past six years. He ever acted as the Former Chairman of International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) (Canada Branch) and now is the Executive Member. At present, he acts as the Education Committee and MIG member of ISRM, the Chairman of TAC in Quebec Province, and the Branch Director of CIM in Montreal. Meanwhile, he is the Editorial Board Member of several international journals (such as Canadian Geotechnical Journal) and acts as the Chairmen of 3rd International Symposium in Mine Safety Science and Engineering, 2015 CIM Annual Convention, 3rd Canadian Conference on Computer Applications in the Minerals Industry, etc. The main awards/honors were John A Franklin Award, CIM Fellowship, High-End Foreign Expert Award, Distinguished Foreign Teacher Award, etc.
